— 技術文章 —
NEWS CENTRES作者:中(zhong)輝電器 來源(yuan):www.shenzhentuliao.cn 發布時間:2019/4/28 10:00:12
電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)溫線(xian)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)繞兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)?大家都知道電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)組成是由電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)控制器(qi)以及電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)線(xian)圈(quan)兩(liang)(liang)個部分組合才是個加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)系(xi)統,兩(liang)(liang)者之間(jian)缺(que)不(bu)(bu)可。目前(qian)使(shi)用電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)客(ke)戶越來(lai)越多(duo),很多(duo)客(ke)戶都是外地的(de)(de)(de),這(zhe)些地區如果(guo)要上(shang)門安(an)裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)話客(ke)戶所需要承擔的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)就比較(jiao)高(gao),所以很多(duo)客(ke)戶為(wei)了(le)節省這(zhe)筆安(an)裝(zhuang)費用都選著自己來(lai)安(an)裝(zhuang)電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)系(xi)統。在安(an)裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)(hou)有客(ke)戶會(hui)疑惑電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)線(xian)圈(quan)太多(duo)了(le)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)繞兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)。安(an)裝(zhuang)電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)(hou)如果(guo)被加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)體直徑或者長(chang)度比較(jiao)小,線(xian)圈(quan)又太多(duo)了(le),線(xian)圈(quan)繞少了(le)電感量達不(bu)(bu)到就會(hui)工作不(bu)(bu)了(le)。這(zhe)個時候(hou)(hou)是可以采取電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)線(xian)圈(quan)繞雙層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)。線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)電感要達到80kw電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)控制器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)合適值(zhi)才行。也不(bu)(bu)要擔心繞雙層(ceng)對(dui)電磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)壽命會(hui)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)有影響,只要電感量值(zhi)達到合適值(zhi)才真正的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)控制器(qi)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)有損壞。
電(dian)阻線材加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)過程中(zhong)電(dian)能浪費的原因(yin):傳(chuan)統(tong)采暖行業普遍采用(yong)電(dian)阻導線和石英(ying)(ying)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)方(fang)式(shi),這種(zhong)傳(chuan)統(tong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)方(fang)式(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)效率低(di)。電(dian)阻絲和石英(ying)(ying)主要通過電(dian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re),然后(hou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量轉移到(dao)料桶上。作為種(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)材料,這種(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)效果的大熱(re)(re)(re)(re)利(li)用(yong)率僅(jin)為50%左右,其(qi)余50%左右的熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量被排(pai)放(fang)到(dao)空(kong)氣中(zhong)。傳(chuan)統(tong)電(dian)阻線材加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)方(fang)式(shi)的電(dian)能損耗高達(da)50%。
電(dian)磁(ci)加熱(re)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)繞法:電(dian)磁(ci)加熱(re)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)根據加熱(re)體(ti)(ti)的(de)形(xing)狀(zhuang)、大小(xiao)而異,纏繞線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)用線(xian)長(chang)度及(ji)電(dian)感量(liang)會(hui)有點(dian)差別。電(dian)磁(ci)感應(ying)加熱(re)器每(mei)個功率(lv)用線(xian)的(de)線(xian)徑(jing)大小(xiao)般(ban)都(dou)是固定(ding)的(de),線(xian)長(chang)也(ye)是基本固定(ding)的(de)(加熱(re)體(ti)(ti)過大線(xian)長(chang)會(hui)加長(chang)比如直(zhi)徑(jing)100MM和直(zhi)徑(jing)1000MM用同樣的(de)線(xian)長(chang)直(zhi)徑(jing)小(xiao)的(de)加熱(re)體(ti)(ti)繞的(de)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)數(shu)多(duo),繞在直(zhi)徑(jing)大的(de)加熱(re)體(ti)(ti)上圈(quan)(quan)(quan)數(shu)就是會(hui)少圈(quan)(quan)(quan)數(shu)少電(dian)感量(liang)就會(hui)小(xiao),這(zhe)個時候就應(ying)該適當(dang)增加用線(xian)長(chang)度,具體(ti)(ti)增加多(duo)少在沒有經驗的(de)情況下要測實際的(de)電(dian)感量(liang)確(que)定(ding)),纏繞線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)時候每(mei)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)間(jian)隔(ge)距離根據加熱(re)溫區(qu)大小(xiao)長(chang)度及(ji)線(xian)長(chang)而定(ding),可(ke)(ke)以圈(quan)(quan)(quan)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)緊(jin)密(mi)(mi)繞,也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以緊(jin)密(mi)(mi)繞幾(ji)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)隔(ge)幾(ji)公分再(zai)緊(jin)密(mi)(mi)繞幾(ji)圈(quan)(quan)(quan),也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以每(mei)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)與每(mei)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)間(jian)都(dou)間(jian)隔(ge)點(dian)距離繞。如果加熱(re)體(ti)(ti)尺(chi)寸有點(dian)小(xiao)還可(ke)(ke)以把線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)繞成雙層或三層。
電磁加(jia)熱(re)技術原理:
1、電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加熱器:電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加熱器是(shi)種利用電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)感應原理將電(dian)(dian)能轉(zhuan)化成熱能的(de)裝(zhuang)置,電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加熱控制器將220V,50/60HZ的(de)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)變成直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian),再將直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)成頻(pin)率為20-40KHZ的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)高(gao)(gao)壓電(dian)(dian),或者是(shi)380v 50/60HZ的(de)三相交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換(huan)成直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)再將直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換(huan)成10~30KHZ的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)低壓大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian),用來(lai)工(gong)業產品(pin)加熱。
2、電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加熱(re)(re)圈:高(gao)(gao)速(su)變(bian)化(hua)的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)流流過(guo)線圈會產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)高(gao)(gao)速(su)變(bian)化(hua)的(de)交變(bian)磁(ci)(ci)場,當用含鐵質(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器放置上面時(shi),容(rong)(rong)(rong)器表(biao)面即(ji)具(ju)切割交變(bian)磁(ci)(ci)力線而在(zai)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器底部金屬部分產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)交變(bian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(即(ji)渦(wo)流),渦(wo)流使(shi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器底部的(de)載流子(zi)(zi)高(gao)(gao)速(su)無(wu)規則運動,載流子(zi)(zi)互相碰撞、摩擦而產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)熱(re)(re)能。從而起到加熱(re)(re)物品的(de)效(xiao)果。即(ji)是通過(guo)把電(dian)(dian)能轉化(hua)為磁(ci)(ci)能,使(shi)被加熱(re)(re)鋼體表(biao)面產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)感應渦(wo)流種加熱(re)(re)方(fang)式。這(zhe)種方(fang)式從根本上解決了電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)片、電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)圈等電(dian)(dian)阻式的(de),通過(guo)熱(re)(re)傳導方(fang)式加熱(re)(re)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)熱(re)(re)效(xiao)率低下的(de)問題。
下電磁(ci)加熱(re)器耗(hao)電與什么有關:
1、電(dian)磁(ci)加熱(re)器(qi)在工作(zuo)中會直加熱(re)到(dao)設置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)溫(wen)度(du),當(dang)溫(wen)度(du)沒達(da)到(dao)設置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)時,電(dian)磁(ci)加熱(re)器(qi)就(jiu)會直加熱(re),當(dang)達(da)到(dao)了(le)預設的(de)溫(wen)度(du)以(yi)后電(dian)磁(ci)加熱(re)器(qi)就(jiu)停(ting)止(zhi)加熱(re)了(le),也就(jiu)不再(zai)耗電(dian)了(le)。
2、電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱器(qi)每(mei)個小時的(de)(de)耗電(dian)(dian)量多少(shao)與電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱器(qi)加(jia)(jia)熱的(de)(de)時間長短有關。電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱器(qi)剛工作(zuo)是滿功率,加(jia)(jia)熱溫度到溫度以后會停止(zhi)(zhi)然后再加(jia)(jia)熱。總體上來說,電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱器(qi)耗電(dian)(dian)量是很小的(de)(de),因(yin)為電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱器(qi)不是直加(jia)(jia)熱工作(zuo)的(de)(de),而是有間隙(xi)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱的(de)(de),達(da)到溫度后就(jiu)停止(zhi)(zhi)加(jia)(jia)熱,之后就(jiu)開始(shi)保(bao)溫工作(zuo),直到溫度沒達(da)到預(yu)設的(de)(de)溫度后再加(jia)(jia)熱下,整體上來講,電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)熱器(qi)并(bing)不是直加(jia)(jia)熱耗電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de),這(zhe)也(ye)是它比(bi)較省電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)個原因(yin)。
3、料筒上還(huan)包(bao)有層保溫棉也(ye)能起到(dao)保溫和隔熱(re)的效果,那么(me)熱(re)量就不會損失掉了(le),那么(me)能夠持續恒溫加熱(re)的時間(jian)就越(yue)長了(le)。耗(hao)電量也(ye)就越(yue)小了(le)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)(yuan)理:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)感應原(yuan)(yuan)理將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能轉(zhuan)換(huan)為熱(re)(re)(re)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能量轉(zhuan)換(huan)過(guo)程,由(you)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)將50/60Hz的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,再經過(guo)功(gong)率(lv)控(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)將直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓轉(zhuan)換(huan)成頻(pin)率(lv)為20~40kHz的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,當(dang)高速(su)變(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通過(guo)線圈(quan)時,線圈(quan)會產(chan)生(sheng)高速(su)變(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場,磁(ci)(ci)場內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)變(bian)(bian)磁(ci)(ci)力線通過(guo)金屬管道(dao)時(導(dao)磁(ci)(ci)、導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)料),管壁體內產(chan)生(sheng)無數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)渦流(liu)(liu)(liu),使輸油(you)管道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管壁本身自行發熱(re)(re)(re)與原(yuan)(yuan)油(you)進行熱(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan),達到加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)原(yuan)(yuan)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)高頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心部(bu)件,是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力半導(dao)體器(qi)(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通斷作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)將工頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)變(bian)(bian)換(huan)為另頻(pin)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能控(kong)(kong)制裝置。目前使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)主要(yao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)—直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)—交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)方式,先把工頻(pin)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)通過(guo)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)轉(zhuan)換(huan)成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan),然后再把直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)換(huan)成頻(pin)率(lv)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓均(jun)可控(kong)(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機。變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)般由(you)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、中間(jian)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)環(huan)節(jie)、逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)和(he)控(kong)(kong)制4個部(bu)分(fen)組成。整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)部(bu)分(fen)為三相(xiang)橋(qiao)式不可控(kong)(kong)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi),逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)部(bu)分(fen)為IGBT三相(xiang)橋(qiao)式逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)且輸出為PWM波形,中間(jian)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)環(huan)節(jie)為濾波、直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)儲能和(he)緩(huan)沖無功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)。
電磁(ci)加熱器出現故障(zhang)時的處理(li)方法(fa):
、通過故(gu)障代碼自(zi)行解決(jue)(jue):正規生產廠家的電磁加熱(re)設備如果出(chu)現故(gu)障都(dou)會有相應(ying)的故(gu)障代碼顯示,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)讓用(yong)戶目了(le)然。出(chu)現問題該(gai)就可(ke)以(yi)(yi)根據(ju)使用(yong)說明(ming)書上面的故(gu)障代碼表找相應(ying)的解決(jue)(jue)方法。當然,這需要(yao)用(yong)戶具備定的專業常識,就可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)必要(yao)的措施自(zi)行解決(jue)(jue)。
二、通過售(shou)(shou)后服務(wu)(wu)解決(jue):般(ban)正規電磁加熱器(qi)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)是免費保修年的,自行解決(jue)不了的話,就應(ying)該積與生(sheng)產廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)或(huo)經(jing)銷商聯(lian)系,通過廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)的售(shou)(shou)后服務(wu)(wu)來解決(jue)。好的生(sheng)產廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)都提(ti)供優質(zhi)的售(shou)(shou)后服務(wu)(wu),能夠迅速幫用(yong)戶解決(jue)問題。
三、過保(bao)修(xiu)期,售后服務解決:還有種就是(shi)電(dian)磁加(jia)熱(re)器的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)修(xiu)期已過后而(er)出現(xian)了故障,這種的(de)(de)(de)話你到(dao)當時(shi)售賣的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)磁加(jia)熱(re)器廠家(jia)幫你維修(xiu),般合(he)理(li)收(shou)取維修(xiu)費用(正規廠家(jia)不會亂收(shou)費的(de)(de)(de)),但(dan)是(shi)如果你不是(shi)到(dao)該(gai)廠家(jia)購買的(de)(de)(de)也(ye)是(shi)可(ke)以(yi)維修(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)。
工(gong)業運用電磁加熱器的五大優勢:
1、工作環(huan)境(jing)舒適。由(you)于電阻式(shi)加(jia)熱(re)時(shi),在部(bu)分(fen)熱(re)量輻(fu)射到空(kong)氣中,導(dao)致(zhi)員工工作環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度升高,有些(xie)車間還安裝空(kong)調(diao)來降溫(wen)(wen),這樣樣,就增加(jia)了費用,導(dao)致(zhi)車間運行成本(ben)過高。改用電磁加(jia)熱(re)器后,線(xian)圈不(bu)存在發熱(re),因此,環(huan)境(jing)工作溫(wen)(wen)度不(bu)會升高,更不(bu)需要安裝空(kong)調(diao)降溫(wen)(wen),車間不(bu)再出現溫(wen)(wen)度悶熱(re)。
2、節能(neng)省電(dian),達(da)到大幅度節能(neng)源,而比過去的(de)(de)電(dian)阻式(shi)加(jia)熱(re)方式(shi)是靠(kao)自身發熱(re),通過接(jie)觸傳導的(de)(de)方式(shi)再把熱(re)量(liang)傳到炮筒(tong)中,還有(you)部(bu)分的(de)(de)能(neng)源輻射到空氣中,所以電(dian)阻式(shi)加(jia)熱(re)的(de)(de)熱(re)效率僅(jin)50-60%。本公(gong)司的(de)(de)電(dian)磁加(jia)熱(re)器在(zai)拉絲機中改造(zao)時節能(neng)明顯,達(da)45%以上,在(zai)大功率塑(su)料機械設備比如造(zao)粒機中改造(zao)時,節能(neng)效果(guo)更顯著,可達(da)50%以上。
3、加(jia)熱速(su)度(du)(du)快(kuai),由于利用(yong)電(dian)磁磁感(gan)應生產渦流發熱原理,線圈本(ben)身不發熱,而是炮(pao)筒自身發熱。溫度(du)(du)升快(kuai)速(su)度(du)(du)加(jia)快(kuai)。而電(dian)阻式是靠自身發熱,再(zai)傳(chuan)出給炮(pao)筒,故加(jia)熱速(su)度(du)(du)理所(suo)當然慢很(hen)多。
4、維護成本(ben)低,般壽命(ming)達(da)5年以上(shang)。線圈的表面溫度(du)僅不到100度(du)。有時僅70度(du)以內,手可觸摸。而(er)般電阻式由(you)于自身發熱,壽命(ming)很短,經(jing)常(chang)要維護,故造成維護成本(ben)過高。
5、在(zai)塑料管道加熱面積小(xiao)(xiao)時可獲(huo)得(de)較(jiao)大的(de)功率,傳統的(de)電阻(zu)式般(ban)大為5KW,基本(ben)上限狀態,而(er)電磁加熱器(qi)在(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)面積大可獲(huo)得(de)30KW甚(shen)至(zhi)更高功率,以保證出(chu)料的(de)數量和(he)品(pin)質。
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